Q2 2021 MARKET RECAP
Market Recap
Equities around the globe continued to surge in the second quarter. The U.S. and developed international markets led the way, with the S&P 500 Index gaining 8.5% and developed international stocks rising 5.7%. Emerging-market stocks trailed in terms of progress on the COVID-19 front and rose by a more modest 4.9%.
Within the U.S. stock market, the rotation from growth to value stocks took a pause, with the Russell 1000 Growth Index gaining 11.9% versus a 5.1% rise for the Value index. Smaller-cap value stocks slightly outperformed their growth counterparts and have been the top-performing segment of the U.S. market this year.
In fixed-income markets, the 10-year Treasury rose as yields dipped below 1.50% in June, ending the quarter at 1.45%, down from 1.75% at the end of March, despite higher inflation readings during the quarter. This contributed to a solid 2.0% return for the core bond index. In fact, inflation fears were felt more strongly last quarter, and core bonds remain down 1.6% for the year as a result of the first quarter selloff.
Investment Outlook
As COVID-19 vaccinations and immunity spread across the globe, we continue to expect a strong global economic recovery contributing to healthy corporate earnings growth. This should bode well for riskier but higher-returning asset classes over the near term. Credit markets should benefit as well. While the Federal Reserve is now signaling it is moving closer to beginning to taper its quantitative easing asset purchases, monetary policy and interest rates should remain accommodative for a while.
On the major question of whether recent signals are harbingers of a sustained period of meaningfully higher inflation, we believe it is too early to tell. Our current base case is that inflation does not get out of control. The U.S. economy still appears to have significant slack before aggregate demand would start overwhelming the economy’s productive capacity (the supply side), leading to the economic “overheating” that could cause significant, sustained, and broad-based inflation.
The labor market is a key supply-side indicator. There were nearly 8 million fewer nonfarm jobs at the end of May compared to February 2020. Meanwhile, more than 9 million people are currently unemployed and potentially available to work immediately.
While there have been recent reports of businesses unable to hire enough workers, this looks to be driven by temporary factors related to COVID-19. As long as there is slack in the labor market, wage inflation is unlikely to surge. This means there is low risk of a wage-price spiral such as the United States experienced in the 1970s.
Meanwhile, consumer price index (CPI) inflation numbers have been surprisingly high, and longer-term CPI inflation expectations have increased from their pandemic lows. That said, they still remain well within their 20-year historical range and consistent with the Fed’s long-term 2% core inflation objective. Digging deeper into the numbers reveals that some of the bigger drivers (like spiking used car prices and a sharp rebound in prices for travel and leisure services) are clearly driven by pandemic disruptions. In all, we think it is more likely that most of the recent sharp price increases will prove transitory, as current supply shortages catch up to demand as the pandemic recedes.
The path of fiscal policy in the United States is less certain, given the political dynamics and polarization. The expiration of the pandemic support programs will turn from a fiscal boost to a fiscal drag later this year and in 2022. Fiscal policy is likely to lead to an increased labor supply, mitigating wage inflation pressures.
We view the likelihood of a U.S. recession to be very low—absent a severe external shock—and see a low risk of a near-term bear market. Of course, 10%-plus stock market corrections can always occur. Despite elevated S&P 500 valuations and a likely deceleration in S&P 500 earnings growth, we believe global equities have additional return potential in this cycle. As always, equity investors should be prepared for a bumpy ride.
Closing Thoughts
While our base case is positive, the range of possible outcomes is always wide. We do not make aggressive bets on a single outcome even if our analysis suggests it is more likely. Our current view is tilted modestly toward reflationary, return-generating assets. We are prepared for scenarios that could drive inflation to be higher and occur sooner than we expect. There could also be shorter-term deflationary shocks like COVID-19 variants or political unrest that lead to a market correction or worse.
A sustained period of high inflation would be bad initially for most equities, over time many areas would likely do well, including emerging-market stocks, value stocks, and trend-following managed futures funds. In the event of a macro shock and deflationary pressure, we maintain meaningful positions in core bonds, which would help offset declines elsewhere.
—OJM Group Investment Team